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''Botrytis cinerea'' ("botrytis" from Ancient Greek ''botrys (βότρυς)'' meaning "grapes" plus the Neolatin suffix ''-itis'' for disease) is a necrotrophic fungus that affects many plant species, although its most notable hosts may be wine grapes. In viticulture, it is commonly known as ''botrytis bunch rot''; in horticulture, it is usually called ''grey mould'' or ''gray mold''. The fungus gives rise to two different kinds of infections on grapes. The first, grey rot, is the result of consistently wet or humid conditions, and typically results in the loss of the affected bunches. The second, noble rot, occurs when drier conditions follow wetter, and can result in distinctive sweet dessert wines, such as Sauternes or the Aszú of Tokaji/Grasă de Cotnari. The species name ''Botrytis cinerea'' is derived from the Latin for "grapes like ashes"; although poetic, the "grapes" refers to the bunching of the fungal spores on their conidiophores, and "ashes" just refers to the greyish colour of the spores ''en masse''. The fungus is usually referred to by its anamorph (asexual form) name, because the sexual phase is rarely observed. The teleomorph (sexual form) is an ascomycete, ''Botryotinia fuckeliana'', also known as ''Botryotinia cinerea'' (see taxonomy box). ==Biology== ''Botrytis cinerea'' is characterized by abundant hyaline conida (asexual spores) borne on grey, branching tree-like conidiophores. The fungus also produces highly resistant sclerotia as survival structures in older cultures. It overwinters as sclerotia or intact mycelia, both of which germinate in spring to produce conidiophores. The conidia are dispersed by wind and rain-water and cause new infections. A considerable genetic variability has been observed in different ''Botrytis cinerea'' strains (polyploidy). ''Gliocladium roseum'' is a fungal parasite of ''Botrytis cinerea''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Botrytis cinerea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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